The dramatic gains made by the Scottish National Party from six seats to 56 seats in the House of Commons had sparked speculation the independence question could be back on the agenda.
But Cameron said he would not agree to a second vote.
"We had a referendum, Scotland voted emphatically to stay in the United Kingdom," Cameron told Channel 4 News. "There isn't going to be another referendum."
Independence was rejected by 55 percent to 45 percent in the September 2014 vote, AFP reported.